Optic Nerve Hypoplasia

An underdeveloped optic nerve present from birth

Overview

Optic nerve hypoplasia is a congenital condition in which one or both optic nerves are abnormally small because fewer nerve fibers developed. Vision ranges from nearly normal to no light perception, and nystagmus is common when both eyes are affected. It is an important cause of childhood visual impairment. It can occur with abnormalities of the midline brain structures and the pituitary gland, a combination known as septo optic dysplasia, so children are often evaluated for hormone deficiencies. Recognized associations include young maternal age and first pregnancies.